A Study on Tensile Behavior and Water Uptake of Wood Powder-Composites Based on Epoxy and Unsaturated Polyester Resins

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

Abstract

In this study, two kinds of epoxy resins (i.e. high-viscosity and low-viscosity) as well as one polyester resin (orthophthalic grade) were selected and examined as pure resins and also as a polymeric matrix for producing wood-composites. In this study, tensile properties, water uptake, and degradation of samples in water were also investigated. The results show that addition of wood particles to the thermoset resins strongly impresses on their tensile behavior and water uptake. Tensile studies show that addition of wood powder improves the tensile properties of polyester resin as compared with viscosity epoxy one, although its modulus value is relatively less than that of low viscosity epoxy resin. Water uptake measurements also revealed that pure polyester resin and its related composites possess minimum water uptake and less degradation in water as compared with corresponding epoxy specimens and from which the lowest extent of materials is extracted and migrated to the water even after 50 days immersion in water.
 

Keywords

References

1- Oromiehie, A. and Jafarzadeh, F., 2008. Wood plastic composites, Iranian Polymer and Petrochemical Institute Press, Tehran.
2- Scaar, C., 1998. Wood - water relations, Springer, New York.
3- Bodig, J., 1982. Mechanics of wood and wood composites. Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York.
4- Klesov, A. A., 2007. Wood-plastic composites. Wiley Interscience.
5- Li, X., Tabil, L. G. and Panigrahi, S., 2007. Chemical Treatments of Natural Fiber for Use in Natural Fiber-Reinforced Composites. A Review, Polymer Environment 15: 25-33.
6- Mengeloglu, F., Kurt, R., Gardner, D. J. and O‘Neill, S., 2007. Mechanical Properties of Extruded High Density Polyethylene and Polypropylene Wood Flour Decking Boards, Iranian Polymer Journal 16: 477-487.
7- Gassan J. and Bledzki, A. K., 2000. Possibilities to Improve the Properties of Natural Fiber Reinforced Plastics by Fiber Modification – Jute Polypropylene Composites, Apply Composite Materials 7: 373-385.
8- Ichazo, M. N., Albano, C., Gonzalez, J., Perera, R. and Candal, M. V., 2001. Polypropylene/wood flour composites: treatments and properties, Composite Structure 54: 207-214.
9- Yeh, S. K. and Gupta, R. K., 2008. Improved wood–plastic composites through better processing, Composites Part A 39: 1694–1699.
10- Albano, C., Reyes, J., Ichazo, M., González, J., Brito, M. and Moronta, D., 2002. Analysis of the mechanical, thermal and morphological behavior of polypropylene compounds with sisal fiber and wood flour, irradiated with gamma rays, Polymer Degradation Stability 76: 191-203.
11- Yang, H. S., Wolcott, M. P., Kim, H. S., Kim, S. and Kim, H.J., 2007. Effect of different compatibilizing agents on the mechanical properties of lignocellulosic material filled polyethylene bio-composites, Composite Structure 79: 369-375.
12- Mirbagheri, J., Tajvidi, M., Hermanson, J. C. and Ghasemi, I.: Tensile properties of wood flour/kenaf fiber polypropylene hybrid composites. Apple Polymer Science 105: 3054-3059.
13- Bledzki, A. K. and Faruk, O., 2003. Wood Fiber Reinforced Polypropylene Composites: Effect of Fibre Geometry and Coupling Agent on Physical-Mechanical Properties, Apple Composite Materials 10: 365-379.
14- Dominkovics, Z., Danyadi, L. and Pukanszky, B., 2007. Surface modification of wood flour and its effect on the properties of PP/wood composites. Composites, Part A 38: 1893-1901.
15- Mohanty, S. and Nayak, S. K., 2009. Dynamic and steady state viscoelastic behavior and morphology of MAPP treated PP/sisal composites, Material Science Engineering A 443: 202–208.
16- Ataeefard, M., Moradian, S., Mirabedini, M., Ebrahimi, M. and Asiaban, S., 2009. Investigating the effect of power/time in the wettability of Ar and O2 gas plasma-treated low-density polyethylene. Prog. Org. Coat. 64: 482-488.
17- Jung, C. K., Bae, I. S., Lee, S. B., Cho, J. H., Shin, E. S., Choi, S. C. and Boo, J. H., 2006. Development of painting technology using plasma surface technology for automobile parts. Thin Sol. Film. 506-507: 316-322.
18- Marcovich, N. E., Reboredo, M. M. and Aranguren, M. I., 1999. Moisture diffusion in polyester–woodflour composites, Polymer 40: 7313-7320.
19- Marcovich, N. E., Reboredo, M. M. and Aranguren, M. I., 2001. Modified woodflour as thermoset fillers Π. Thermal degradation of woodflour and composites. Thermochem. Acta. 372: 45-57.
20- Farias, M.A., Farina, M.Z., Pezzin, A.P.T. and Silva, D.A.K., 2009. Unsaturated polyester composites reinforced with fiber and powder of peach palm: Mechanical characterization and water absorption profile. Material Science Engineering C 29: 510–513.
21- Sebe, G., Cetin, N. S., Hill, C.S. and Hughes, M., 2000. RTM Hemp Fiber-Reinforced Polyester Composites, Appl. Compos. Mat 7: 341–349.
22- Barikani, M., 2005. Polyurethane chemistry, application and ageing. Iranian Polymer and Petrochemical Institute Press, Tehran.
23- Sajjadi Emami, S. h., 1996. Fundamental of polymerization reactions engineering. PolymerResearchCenter of Iran Press, Tehran.
24- Middleman, S., 1977. Fundamentals of polymer processing. McGraw-Hill.
25- Flory, P. J., 1953. Principles of polymer chemistry. CornellUniversity Press.
26- Jalili, M. M., Moradian, S. and Hosseinpour, D., 2009. The use of inorganic conversion coatings to enhance the corrosion resistance of reinforcement and the bond strength at the rebar/concrete, Const. Build. Mat. 23: 233–238.
27- Mukhopadhyay, S. and Fangueiro, R., 2009. Physical Modification of Natural Fibers and Thermoplastic Films for Composites - A Review, Thermoplast. Compos. Mat. 22: 135-162.
28- Hodzic, A., Kim, J. K., Lowe, A. E. and Stachurski, Z. H., 2004. The effects of water aging on the interphase region and interlaminar fracture toughness in polymer-glass composites, Compos. Sci. Technol. 64: 2185-2195.
29- Brewis, D. M., Comyn, J. and Phanopoulos, C., 1987. Effect of water on some wood adhesives, Adhes. 7: 43-48.
30- Thomason, J. L., 1995. The interface region in glass fiber reinforced epoxy resin composites: 2. water absorption, voids and the interface. Composites 26: 477–485.
31- Jalili, M. M. and Moradian, S., 2009. Deterministic performance parameters for an automotive polyurethane clear coat loaded with hydrophilic or hydrophobic nano-silica. Prog. Organ. Coat. 66: 359–366.
32- Gruchow, F., Machill, S., Thiele, S., Herm, C. and Salzer, R., 2008. Imagine FTIR Spectroscopic investigations of wood: paint interface of aged polychrome art objects. Proceedings of the 8th international conference of the Infrared and Raman Users’ Group (IRUG) in Vienna, Austria, 26-29 March.
33- Dobrica, I., Bugheanu, P., Stanculescu, I. and Ponta, C., 2008. FTIR spectral data of wood used in Romanian traditional village constructions. Analele UniversitaNii din Bucuresti – Chimie, Anul XVII (serie noua) I, 33-37.
 

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics