[1] Joshi, S.V., Drzal, L.T., Mohanty, A.K. and Arora, S., 2004. Are natural fiber composites environmentally superior to glass fiber reinforced composites? Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 35(3), pp.371-376.
[2] Saba, N., Jawaid, M., Alothman, O.Y., Inuwa, I.M. and Hassan, A., 2017. A review on potential development of flame retardant kenaf fibers reinforced polymer composites. Polymers for Advanced Technologies, 28(4), pp.424-434.
[3] Saba, N., Jawaid, M., Paridah, M.T. and Al‐Othman, O.Y., 2016. A review on flammability of epoxy polymer, cellulosic and non‐cellulosic fiber reinforced epoxy composites. Polymers for Advanced Technologies, 27(5), pp.577-590.
[4] Ashtari, H., Janoobi, M., Yousefzadeh, M. and Hamze, Y., 2018. Preparation and characterization of electrospun polyvinyl alcohol nanofibers incorporating cellulose nanocrystals. Iranian Journal of Wood and Paper Science Research, 33(3), pp.438-452. doi:10.22092/ijwpr.2018.121871.1475.
[5] Ramakrishna, S., Fujihara, K., Teo, W., Lim, T. and Ma, Z., 2005. An Introduction to Electrospinning and Nanofibers. Singapore: World Scientific Publishing Co.
[6] Zhao, Y., Qiu, Y., Wang, H., Chen, Y., Jin, S. and Chen, S., 2016. Preparation of nanofibers with renewable polymers and their application in wound dressing. International Journal of Polymer Science, 2016, pp.1-8.
[7] Bachs-Herrera, A., Yousefzadeh, O., del Valle, L.J. and Puiggali, J., 2021. Melt electrospinning of polymers: blends, nanocomposites, additives and applications. Applied Sciences, 11(4), p.1808.
[8] Shaban, N.Z., Kenawy, M.Y., Taha, N.A., El-Latif, A., Mona, M. and Ghareeb, D.A., 2021. Cellulose acetate nanofibers: Incorporating hydroxyapatite (HA), HA/berberine or HA/moghat composites, as scaffolds to enhance in vitro osteoporotic bone regeneration. Polymers, 13(23), p.4140.
[9] Figen, A.K., 2020. History, basics, and parameters of electrospinning technique. In: Electrospun Materials and Their Allied Applications, pp.53-69.
[10] Xue, J., Wu, T., Dai, Y. and Xia, Y., 2019. Electrospinning and electrospun nanofibers: Methods, materials, and applications. Chemical Reviews, 119(8), pp.5298-5415.
[11] Almetwally, A.A., El-Sakhawy, M., Elshakankery, M.H. and Kasem, M.H., 2017. Technology of nano-fibers: Production techniques and properties-Critical review. Journal of Textile Association, 78(1), pp.5-14.
[12] Barhoum, A., Pal, K., Rahier, H., Uludag, H., Kim, I.S. and Bechelany, M., 2019. Nanofibers as new-generation materials: From spinning and nano-spinning fabrication techniques to emerging applications. Applied Materials Today, 17, pp.1-35.
[13] Ibrahim, H.M. and Klingner, A., 2020. A review on electrospun polymeric nanofibers: Production parameters and potential applications. Polymer Testing, 90, p.106647.
[14] Beachley, V. and Wen, X., 2010. Polymer nanofibrous structures: Fabrication, biofunctionalization, and cell interactions. Progress in Polymer Science, 35(7), pp.868-892.
[15] Kondo, T., 1997. The relationship between intramolecular hydrogen bonds and certain physical properties of regioselectively substituted cellulose derivatives. Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics, 35(4), pp.717-723.
[16] Fischer, S., Thümmler, K., Volkert, B., Hettrich, K., Schmidt, I. and Fischer, K., 2008. Properties and applications of cellulose acetate. In: Macromolecular Symposia, 262(1), pp.89-96. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH Verlag.
[17] Heyman, N., 2020. High Resolution 3D Printing with Cellulose Acetate.
[18] Dufresne, A., 2017. Nanocellulose: From Nature to High Performance Tailored Materials. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter GmbH.
[19] Ji, S.H. and Yun, J.S., 2022. Highly porous-cellulose-acetate-nanofiber filters fabricated by nonsolvent-induced phase separation during electrospinning for PM2.5 capture. Nanomaterials, 12(3), p.404.
[20] Du, J. and Hsieh, Y.L., 2009. Cellulose/chitosan hybrid nanofibers from electrospinning of their ester derivatives. Cellulose, 16, pp.247-260.
[21] Zhang, L. and Hsieh, Y.L., 2008. Ultrafine cellulose acetate fibers with nanoscale structural features. Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, 8(9), pp.4461-4469.
[22] Olaru, N., Anghel, N., Pascariu, P. and Ailiesei, G., 2019. Synthesis and testing of cellulose acetate nicotinate as adsorbent for rhodamine B dye. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 136(29), p.47772.
[23] Zhang, Y., Zhang, C. and Wang, Y., 2021. Recent progress in cellulose-based electrospun nanofibers as multifunctional materials. Nanoscale Advances, 3(21), pp.6040-6047.
[24] Puls, J., Wilson, S.A. and Hölter, D., 2011. Degradation of cellulose acetate-based materials: A review. Journal of Polymers and the Environment, 19, pp.152-165.
[25] Wsoo, M.A., Shahir, S., Bohari, S.P.M., Nayan, N.H.M. and Abd Razak, S.I., 2020. A review on the properties of electrospun cellulose acetate and its application in drug delivery systems: A new perspective. Carbohydrate Research, 491, p.107978.
[26] Joseph, B., Sagarika, V.K., Sabu, C., Kalarikkal, N. and Thomas, S., 2020. Cellulose nanocomposites: Fabrication and biomedical applications. Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts, 5(4), pp.223-237.
[27] Mohajerani, A., Kadir, A.A. and Larobina, L., 2016. A practical proposal for solving the world’s cigarette butt problem: Recycling in fired clay bricks. Waste Management, 52, pp.228-244.
[28] Wang, W., Wang, M., Huang, J., Li, X., Cai, L., Shi, S.Q. and Ni, Y., 2020. High efficiency pyrolysis of used cigarette filters for ester-rich bio-oil through microwave-assisted heating. Journal of Cleaner Production, 257, p.120596.
[29] Yousef, S., Eimontas, J., Striūgas, N., Praspaliauskas, M. and Abdelnaby, M.A., 2022. Pyrolysis kinetic behaviour, TG-FTIR, and GC/MS analysis of cigarette butts and their components. Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery, pp.1-21.
[30] Ogundare, S.A., Moodley, V. and Van Zyl, W.E., 2017. Nanocrystalline cellulose isolated from discarded cigarette filters. Carbohydrate Polymers, 175, pp.273-281.
[31] Dobaradaran, S., Soleimani, F., Akhbarizadeh, R., Schmidt, T.C., Marzban, M. and Basirian Jahromi, R., 2021. Environmental fate of cigarette butts and their toxicity in aquatic organisms: A comprehensive systematic review. Environmental Research, 195, p.110881.
[34] Qamar, W., Abdelgalil, A.A., Aljarboa, S., Alhuzani, M. and Altamimi, M.A., 2020. Cigarette waste: Assessment of hazard to the environment and health in Riyadh city. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences, 27(5), pp.1380-1383.
[35] Fei, P., Liao, L., Cheng, B. and Song, J., 2017. Quantitative analysis of cellulose acetate with a high degree of substitution by FTIR and its application. Analytical Methods, 9(43), pp.6194-6201.
[36] Araújo, M.C.B. and Costa, M.F., 2019. A critical review of the issue of cigarette butt pollution in coastal environments. Environmental Research, 172, pp.137-149.
[37] Smith, E.A. and Novotny, T.E., 2011. Whose butt is it? Tobacco industry research about smokers and cigarette butt waste. Tobacco Control, 20(Suppl 1), pp.i2-i9.
[38] Shen, M., Li, Y., Song, B., Zhou, C., Gong, J. and Zeng, G., 2021. Smoked cigarette butts: Unignorable source for environmental microplastic fibers. Science of the Total Environment, 791, p.148384.
[39] Belzagui, F., Buscio, V., Gutierrez-Bouzan, C. and Vilaseca, M., 2021. Cigarette butts as a microfiber source with a microplastic level of concern. Science of the Total Environment, 762, p.144165.
[40] Arroyo, F.D., Castro-Guerrero, C.F. and León-Silva, U., 2020. Thin films of cellulose acetate nanofibers from cigarette butt waste. Progress in Rubber, Plastics and Recycling Technology, 36(1), pp.3-17.
[41] Ji, S.H. and Yun, J.S., 2022. Highly porous-cellulose-acetate-nanofiber filters fabricated by nonsolvent-induced phase separation during electrospinning for PM2.5 capture. Nanomaterials, 12(3), p.404.
[42] Franqui, L.S., Santos, M.G., Virtuoso, L.S., Maia, P.P. and Figueiredo, E.C., 2015. Synthesis and characterization of a magnetic molecularly imprinted polymer for the selective extraction of nicotine and cotinine from urine samples followed by GC-MS analysis. Analytical Methods, 7(21), pp.9237-9244.
[43] Li, L., Zhang, H., Wen, J., Shen, Y., Li, D., Luo, C., Zheng, J. and Yang, J., 2022. Direct determination of free nicotine content in tobacco. ACS Omega, 7(27), pp.23061-23068.
[44] Hemamalini, T., Karunakaran, S.A., Elango, M.K., Ram, T.S. and Dev, V.R., 2019. Regeneration of cellulose acetate nanofibrous mat from discarded cigarette butts.
[45] Kakoria, A. and Sinha-Ray, S., 2022. Ultrafine nanofiber-based high-efficiency air filter from waste cigarette butts. Polymer, 255, p.125121.
[46] Glugoski, L.P., de Jesus Cubas, P. and Fujiwara, S.T., 2017. Reactive Black 5 dye degradation using filters of smuggled cigarette modified with Fe3+. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 24, pp.6143-6150.
[47] Marchessault, R.H. and Liang, C.Y., 1960. Infrared spectra of crystalline polysaccharides. III. Mercerized cellulose. Journal of Polymer Science, 43(141), pp.71-86.
[48] Janković, B., Kojić, M., Milošević, M., Rosić, M., Waisi, H., Božilović, B. and Dodevski, V., 2023. Upcycling of the used cigarette butt filters through pyrolysis process: Detailed kinetic mechanism with bio-char characterization. Polymers, 15(14), p.3054.
[49] Sharma, A. and Sharma, V., 2023. Forensic analysis of cigarette filter using non-destructive ATR-FTIR spectroscopy and chemometric methods. Forensic Chemistry, 32, p.100465.
[50] Glugoski, L.P., Cubas, P.J. and Fujiwara, S.T., 2017. Functionalized cellulose acetate filters for advanced environmental applications. Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 15, pp.1203-1215.
