Iranian Journal of Wood and Paper Industries

Iranian Journal of Wood and Paper Industries

Preparation and investigation the physical properties of furfural-based bio-resins by acid hydrolysis using hydrogen chloride gas

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors
faezeh askari 1
Ali Abdolkhani 2
Mohammad Azadfallah 3
Yahya Hamzeh 2
1 Department of Wood Science and Industry, Karaj Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran.
2 University of Tehran
3 Department of Wood and Paper Science and Technology - Faculty of Natural Resources - University of Tehran
10.22034/ijwp.2024.2027298.1657
Abstract
Bio-resins obtained from lignocellulosic materials can be suitable alternatives for adhesives and resins obtained from fossil sources due to their renewable nature, availability of raw material and reduction of environmental pollution. The aim of this research is to optimally use the waste from cutting the side of medium density fiberboard (MDF), sugarcane bagasse waste, birch wood waste and cedar wood to prepare resin. In this research, bioresin was produced through acid hydrolysis of lignocellulosic materials by HCl gas. Then, FTIR spectroscopy was performed in four types of produced resins to identify functional groups. The physical characteristics of the resin, including the percentage of solids, viscosity, viscosity, density, and pH were evaluated for each of the resins. The shear adhesion strength of the prepared resins was also measured. According to the obtained results, the resin obtained from bagasse (R.B) showed better properties than other resins due to the reduction of viscosity (20.61 seconds), better penetration into the porous structure of wood, stronger adhesion and better washing resistance.
Keywords
Bio-based resin
acid hydrolysis
HCl gas
furfural
lignocellulosics

Subjects

[1] Malleki, A., Hosseinzade, J., Askari, F., Hedjazi, S. and Gholami, D., 2023. Investigation on Thermal And Chemical Properties of Bio-Adhesive Based on Tannin and Lignosulfonate. Forest and Wood Products, 76(2), 113-121.
[2] Topa Esfandiyari, M. R., Talaei Poor, M., Khademi Eslam, H., Mirshokraie, S. A. and Baziyar, B., 2021. Use Soda Lignin and Modify It With Furfural as Adhesive to Make Plywood. Iranian Journal of Wood and Paper Science Research, 36(4), 293-304.
[3] Antov, P., Savov, V. and Neykov, N., 2020. Sustainable Bio-Based Adhesives for Eco-Friendly Wood Composites. A Review. Wood Res, 65(1), 51-62.
[4] Eisen, A., Bussa, M. and Röder, H., 2020. A Review of Environmental Assessments of Biobased Against Petrochemical Adhesives. Journal of cleaner production, 277, 124277.
[5] Tabarsa, T., Hosseini, S. K., Shakeri, A. and Edalat, H., 2023. Substitution Furfural Instead of Formaldehyde in Urea Formaldehyde Resin and Improvement Resin Properties Using Nano Clay. Journal of Wood and Forest Science and Technology, 30(2), 71-85.
[6] Pizzi, A. and Mittal, K. L. (Eds.)., 2010. Wood adhesives. Rancho Cordova, CA, USA: VSP.
[7] Saražin, J., Schmiedl, D., Pizzi, A. and Sernek, M., 2020. Bio-Based Adhesive Mixtures of Pine Tannin and Different Types of Lignins. Bioresources, 15(4), 9401.
[8] Zhang, Y., Li, N., Chen, Z., Ding, C., Zheng, Q., Xu, J. and Meng, Q., 2020. Synthesis of High-Water-Resistance Lignin-Phenol Resin Adhesive With Furfural as A Crosslinking Agent. Polymers, 12(12), 2805.
[9] Esfandiari, M. T., Talaeipour, M., Khademieslam, H., Mirshokraee, S. A. and Bazyar, B., 2021. Use Soda Lignin and Modify It With Furfural as Adhesive to Make Plywood. : Iranian Journal of Wood and Paper Science Research, 36 )4(, 293-303.
 10] Singh, S. K., Ostendorf, K., Euring, M. and Zhang, K., 2022. Environmentally Sustainable, High-Performance Lignin-Derived Universal Adhesive. Green Chemistry, 24(6), 2624-2635.
[11]  Zhang, J., Liu, B., Zhou, Y., Essawy, H., Chen, Q., Zhou, X. and Du, G., 2021. Preparation of A Starch-Based Adhesive Cross-Linked With Furfural, Furfuryl Alcohol and Epoxy Resin. International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives, 110, 102958.
 [12] Gebre, H., Fisha, K., Kindeya, T. and Gebremichal, T., 2015. Synthesis of Furfural from Bagasse. International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy, 57, 72-84.
 [13] ASTM D1084-16., 2021. Standard Test Methods for Viscosity of Adhesives. ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA.
[14] GB/T 14074., 2006. Testing Methods for Wood Adhesives and Their Resins. Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.
[15] Tondi, G., 2017. Tannin-Based Copolymer Resins: Synthesis and Characterization By Solid State 13C NMR and FT-IR Spectroscopy. Polymers, 9(6), 223.
[16] Doosthoseini, K., Zarea-Hosseinabadi, H. and Moradpour, P., 2010. Low Resin Medium Density Fiberboard Made from Chemical Activated Hardwoods Fibers. Journal of the Indian Academy of Wood Science, 7, 36-42
[17] Mattos, A. L. A., Lomonaco, D., de Oliveira, B. S., Kotzebue, L. R. V., da Silva Vieira, J. D., Duarte, M. S. and Leitão, R. C., 2023. Resins and Fibers from Sugarcane Bagasse to Produce Medium-Density Fiberboard. Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery, 1-8.
[18] Mattos, A. L. A., Lomonaco, D., de Oliveira, B. S., Kotzebue, L. R. V., da Silva Vieira, J. D., Duarte, M. S. and Leitão, R. C., 2023. Resins and Fibers from Sugarcane Bagasse to Produce Medium-Density Fiberboard. Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery, 1-8
[19] Galdino, D. S., Kondo, M. Y., De Araujo, V. A., Ferrufino, G. L. A. A., Faustino, E., Santos, H. F. D. and Campos, C. I. D., 2023. Thermal and Gluing Properties of Phenol-Based Resin With Lignin for Potential Application in Structural Composites. Polymers, 15(2), 357.
[20] Mattos, A. L. A., Lomonaco, D., de Oliveira, B. S., Kotzebue, L. R. V., da Silva Vieira, J. D., Duarte, M. S. and Leitão, R. C., 2023. Resins and Fibers from Sugarcane Bagasse to Produce Medium-Density Fiberboard. Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery, 1-8
[21] Ahmadi, P., Efhamisisi, D., Thevenon, M. F., Zare Hosseinabadi, H., Oladi, R. and Gerard, J., 2022. The Properties of Natural Tannin-Furfural Resin Applied to Poplar Wood Modification.
[22] Mohamad, N., Abd-Talib, N. and Yong, T. L. K., 2020. Furfural Production from Oil Palm Frond (OPF) Under Subcritical Ethanol Conditions. Materials Today: Proceedings, 31, 116-121.
[23] Ab Rahim, A. H., Man, Z., Sarwono, A., Wan Hamzah, W. S., M. Yunus, N. and D. Wilfred, C., 2018. Extraction and Comparative Analysis of Lignin Extract from Alkali and Ionic Liquid Pretreatment. In Journal of Physics: Conference Series (Vol. 1123, p. 012052). IOP Publishing.
[24] Xu, C., Liu, F., Alam, M. A., Chen, H., Zhang, Y., Liang, C. and Wang, Z., 2020. Comparative Study on The Properties of Lignin Isolated from Different Pretreated Sugarcane Bagasse and Its Inhibitory Effects on Enzymatic Hydrolysis. International journal of biological macromolecules, 146, 132-140.
[25] Ferdosian, F., Yuan, Z., Anderson, M. and Xu, C. C., 2014. Synthesis of Lignin-Based Epoxy Resins: Optimization of Reaction Parameters Using Response Surface Methodology. Rsc Advances, 4(60), 31745-31753.
[26] Dongre, P., Driscoll, M., Amidon, T. and Bujanovic, B., 2015. Lignin-Furfural Based Adhesives. Energies, 8(8), 7897-7914.
[27] Mattos, A. L. A., Lomonaco, D., de Oliveira, B. S., Kotzebue, L. R. V., da Silva Vieira, J. D., Duarte, M. S. and Leitão, R. C., 2023. Resins and Fibers from Sugarcane Bagasse to Produce Medium-Density Fiberboard. Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery, 1-8.
Iranian Journal of Wood and Paper Industries
Volume 15, Issue 2
Summer 2024
Pages 183-195