Production of Binderless Fuel Briquettes from Lignocellulosic Residues of Paulownia, Corn Stalks and Waste Paper Pulp at Low Pressures

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Gorgan University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources

2 Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Sharif University of Technology

10.22034/ijwp.2023.2007034.1619

Abstract

The use of biomass energy as a source of renewable energy, in addition to reducing environmental problems and global warming, ensures energy security. Fuel briquettes are solid biofuels that are obtained by simple densification processes and do not require complex physicochemical treatments. In this research, the potential of using lignocellulosic residues such as paulownia, corn stalks, and recycled paper pulp to produce fuel briquettes without binders at low pressures of 9, 18, and 27 MPa, at two temperature levels of 75 and 100 degrees Celsius, was investigated. The results confirmed the feasibility of producing fuel briquettes from these three lignocellulosic materials with appropriate physical and mechanical characteristics. For recycled paper pulp briquettes, higher density and compressive strength were obtained at low pressures, while Paulownia and corn stalks required higher levels of pressure, temperature, and time to achieve desirable density and compressive strength compared to recycled paper pulp.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

[1] IRENA (2023), World Energy Transitions Outlook 2023: 1.5°C Pathway, Volume 1, International Renewable Energy Agency, Abu Dha.
[2] Zakeri, B., Paulavets, K., Barreto-Gomez, L., Echeverri, L. G., Pachauri, S and Boza, B.,2022. Pandemic, war, and global energy transitions. Energies, 15(17), pp6114.. https://doi.org/10.3390/en15176114.
[3] Amiri, M., Najafi, A., 2016. Electric power plant with biomass solid fuel and determining the quality of cotton stem samples. Iranian Journal of Energy, 19(2).  (In Persian).
[4] IEA (2022), Bioenergy, IEA, Paris https://www.iea.org/reports/bioenergy, License: CC BY 4.0
[5] Kpalo, S.Y., Zainuddin, M. F., Manaf, L. A and Roslan, A. M., 2020. Production and characterization of hybrid briquettes from corncobs and oil palm trunk bark under a low pressure densification technique. Sustainability, 12(6), pp2468.. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12062468.
[6] Kurchania, A., 2012. Biomass energy, in Biomass conversion: the interface of biotechnology, chemistry and materials science. Springer. pp. 91-122. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-28418-2_2.
[7] Hassan Abassi., 2000. Investigation of the growth and adaptation of Paulonia Fortunei. National Conference on Northern Forest Management and Sustainable Development. (In Persian). 
[8] Gug, J., Cacciola, D and Sobkowicz, M.J.,2014. Processing and properties of a solid energy fuel from municipal solid waste (MSW) and recycled plastics. Waste Management, 35, pp. 283-292. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2014.09.031.
[9] Li, Y and Liu, H., 2000. High-pressure binderless compaction of waste paper to form useful fuel. Fuel processing technology, 67(1), pp. 11-21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0378-3820(00)00092-8.
[10] Tabil, L., Adapa, P and Kashaninejad, M., 2011. Biomass feedstock pre-processing—part 2: densification. Biofuel’s Engineering Process Technology, 19, pp. 439-446. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/18495.
[11] Chen, T., Jia, H., Zhang, S., Sun, X., Song, Y and Yuan, H., 2020. Optimization of cold pressing process parameters of chopped corn straws for fuel. Energies, 13(3), pp652.. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13030652.
[12] Kaliyan, N and Morey, R.V., 2009. Factors affecting strength and durability of densified biomass products. Biomass and bioenergy, 33(3), pp. 337-359. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2008.08.005.
[13] Kaliyan, N and Morey, R.V., 2010. Natural binders and solid bridge type binding mechanisms in briquettes and pellets made from corn stover and switchgrass. Bioresource technology 101(3), pp.1082-1090. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2009.08.064.
[14] Li, H., Liu, X., Legros, R., Bi, X., Lim, J and Sokhansanj, S., 2012. Pelletization of torrefied sawdust and properties of torrefied pellets. Applied Energy, 93, pp. 680-685. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2012.01.002.
[15] Zhou, W., Gong, Z., Zhang, L., Liu, y., Yan, J and Zhao, m., 2017. Feasibility of lipid production from waste paper by the oleaginous yeast Cryptococcus curvatus. BioResources, 12(3), pp. 5249-5263. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.12.3.5249-5263.
[16] Navalta, C.J.L.G., Banaag, K., Von Adrian, O., Go, A., Cabatingan, L and Ju, Y., 2020. Solid fuel from Co-briquetting of sugarcane bagasse and rice bran. Renewable Energy, 147, pp. 1941-1958. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2019.09.129.
[17] Mani, S., Tabil, L.G and Sokhansanj, S., 2006. Specific energy requirement for compacting corn stover. Bioresource Technology, 97(12), pp. 1420-1426. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2005.06.019.
[18] Demirel, B., 2023. Determination of solid biofuel properties of hazelnut husk briquettes obtained at different compaction pressures. Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery, pp. 1-12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13399-023-04431-2.
[19] Guo, L., Wang, D., Tabil, L and Wang., G., 2016. Compression and relaxation properties of selected biomass for briquetting. Biosystems Engineering, 148, pp. 101-110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2016.05.009.
[20] Gurdil., G and Demirel, B., 2020. Effect of moisture content, particle size and pressure on some briquetting properties of hazelnut residues. Anadolu Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, 35(3), pp. 330- 338. https://doi.org/10.7161/omuanajas.736851.
[21] Martinez, C.L.M., Sermyagina, E., Carneiro, A. d. C. O., Vakkilainen, E and Cardosoet., M., 2019. Production and characterization of coffee-pine wood residue briquettes as an alternative fuel for local firing systems in Brazil. Biomass and Bioenergy, 123, pp. 70-77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2019.02.013.
[22] Brozek, M., 2016. The effect of moisture of the raw material on the properties briquettes for energy use. Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis, 64(5), pp.1453-1458. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201664051453.
[23] Mitchual, S.J., Frimpong-Mensah, K and Darkwa, N.A., 2013. Effect of species, particle size and compacting pressure on relaxed density and compressive strength of fuel briquettes. International Journal of Energy and Environmental Engineering, 4, pp. 1-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/2251-6832-4-30.
[24] Wang, Y., Wu, K and Sun, Y., 2018. Effects of raw material particle size on the briquetting process of rice straw. Journal of the Energy Institute, 91(1), pp. 153-162. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joei.2016.09.002.
[25] Mitchual, S.J., Frimpong-Mensah, K and Darkwa, N.A., 2014. Relationship between physico-mechanical properties, compacting pressure and mixing proportion of briquettes produced from maize cobs and sawdust. Journal of Sustainable Bioenergy Systems, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/jsbs.2014.41005.
[26] Deutsches Pelletinstitut GmbH, EN Plus Briquettes Manual for the Certification of Wood Briquettes for the End-User Market According to European Standard EN, 2013.
[27] Kong, L., Tian, S., He, C., Du, C., Tu, Y and Xiong, Y., 2012. Effect of waste wrapping paper fiber as a “solid bridge” on physical characteristics of biomass pellets made from wood sawdust. Applied energy, 98, pp. 33-39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2012.02.068.
[28] Demirel, C., Gurdil, G. A. K., Kabutey, A and Herak, D., 2020. Effects of forces, particle sizes, and moisture contents on mechanical behaviour of densified briquettes from ground sunflower stalks and hazelnut husks. Energies, 13(10), pp. 2542.  http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13102542.
Iranian Journal of Wood and Paper Industries
Volume 14, Issue 3
December 2023
Pages 227-242

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics