Investigation of the use of tetramethyl orthosilicate (Alkoxysilane) on compatibility, mechanical and physical properties of wood-cement particleboard

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 University of Zabol

2 Wood and Paper Science and Technology

3 associated proffesor, wood and paper engineering, faculty of natural resource, university of zabol

4 Associate Professor, Department of Chemistry, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran

10.22034/ijwp.2023.558211.1559

Abstract

In this research, the effect of chemical treatment of palm particles with alkoxysilan on the mechanical and physical properties of wood-cement particleboard was investigated. For this purpose, palm particles were chemically treated with 7.5% and 15% alkoxysilane to make wood cement particleboard with a weight ratio of 30 to 70 and in the presence of 5% calcium chloride (based on the dry weight of cement). Test samples of mechanical (bending strength and modulus of elasticity and internal bonding) and physical (water absorption and thickness swelling) were prepared in three levels of control, 7.5% and 15% alkoxysilane according to the European standard. The results showed that the chemical treatment of palm particles with alkoxysilane had a positive effect on the mechanical and physical properties of wood cement particleboards, so that with the increase of alkoxysilane up to 15%, the maximum mechanical resistance and the lowest physical properties were obtained. The significant increase in the resistance and physical properties of the boards resulting from the addition of 15% alkoxy silane can be attributed to the reaction between the hydroxyl groups of the palm constituents with the active groups of alkoxysilane and greater cohesion between the palm particles and cement. In order to describe the effectiveness of chemical treatment, discriminate analyzes such as infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy were used. The results of Fourier transform infrared show an increase in the intensity of the peaks related to Si-O bonds in the samples modified with alkoxysilane and as a result of the chemical modification of palm particles. Also, the uniform and coherent structure of the scanning electron microscope of wood cement particleboard modified with silane agent has indicated the chemical reaction between palm particles, alkoxysilane and cement, and as a result, more compatibility and entanglement between modified palm particles and cement.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

[1] Karade, S.R., 2010. Cement-bonded composites from lignocellulosic wastes. Construction and Building Materials. 24:1323–1330.
[2] Olorunnisola, A.O., 2006. Strength and water absorption characteristics of cement-bonded particleboard produced from coconut husk. J. Journal of Civil Engineering Research and Practice, 3(1):41–49.
[3] Abdelrhman, H.A., Paridah, M.T., Shahwahid, M., Samad, A.R.A. and Abdalla, A.M.A., 2015. The effects of pre-treatments wood-cement ratios and partial cement substitution by gypsum on Prosopischilensis wood composites. European Journal of Wood and Wood Products, 73(4):557–559.
[4] Fan, M., Ndikontar, M.K., Zhou, X. and Ngamveng, J.H., 2012. Cement-bonded composites made from tropical woods: Compatibility of Wood and cement, Construction and Building Materials, (36):135–140.
[5] Hossain, M.U., Wang, L., Yu, I.K.M., Tsang, D.C.W. and Poon, C.S., 2018. Environmental and technical feasibility study of upcycling wood waste into cement-bonded particleboard.Construction and Building Materials, 173: 474-480.
[6] Diquélou, Y., Gourlay, E., Arnaud, L. and Kurek, B., 2016. Influence of binder characteristics on the setting and hardening of hemp lightweight concrete. Construction and Building Materials, 112: 506-517.
[7] Mahzabin, M.S., Hock, L.J., Hossain, M.S. and Kang, L.S., 2018. The influence of addition of treated kenaffibre in the production and properties of fibre reinforced foamed composite. Construction and Building Materials, 178:518-528.
[8] Caprai, V., Gauvin, F., Schollbach, K. and Brouwers, H.J.H., 2018. Influence of the spruce strands hygroscopic behaviour on the performances of wood-cement composites. Construction and Building Materials, 166:522-530.
[9] Sood, M. and Dwivedi, G., 2017. Effect of fiber treatment on flexural properties of natural fiber reinforced composites: A review. Egyptian Journal of Petroleum, 1-8.
[10] Hettegger, H., Sumerskii, I., Sortino, S., Potthast, A. and Rosenau, T., 2015. Silane Meets Click Chemistry: Towards the Functionalization of Wet Bacterial Cellulose Sheets. ChemSusChem, 8(4), 680–687.
[11] European Norm, Wood-based panels; determination of modulus of elasticity in bending and of bending strength. European Standardization Committee, German version, EN 310, 1993.
[12] European Norm, Wood-based panels. Sampling, cutting and inspection Initial type testing and factory production control. European Standardization Committee, EN 326-2, 2010.
[13] European Norm, Particleboards and fibreboards; determination of tensile strength perpendicular to the plane of the board. European Standardization Committee, German version, EN 319, 1993.
[14] European Norm, Particleboards and fibreboards; determination of swelling in thickness after immersion in water. European Standardization Committee, German version, EN 317, 1993.
[15] Saw, S.K., Sarkhel, G. and Choudhury, A., 2011. Surface modification of coir fiber involving oxidation of lignins followed by reaction with furfuryl alcohol: Characterization and stability. Applied Surface Science, 257:3763-3769.
[16] Raghavendra, S., and Lokesh, G.N., 2019. Evaluation of Mechanical Properties in Date Palm Fronds Polymer Composites. January 11, AIP Conference Proceedings 2057, p 1-5.
[17] Ylmén, R., Jaglid, U., Steenari, B.M. and Panas, I., 2009. Early hydration and setting of Portland cement monitored by IR, SEM and Vicat techniques. Cement and Concrete Research, 39:433–439.
[18] Cho, J., Waetzig, G.R., Udayakantha, M., Hong, C.Y. and Banerjee, S., 2018. Incorporation of hydroxy ethyl cellulose-functionalized halloysite as a means of decreasing the thermal conductivity of oil well cement. Scientific Reports, 8(1).
[19] Abbasi, Z., Ghorbani, M., Abedini, R. and Amininasab, S.M., 2019. Comparing the effect of modification with different silane compounds on the chemical structure and physical properties of poplar wood.Iranian Journal of Wood and Paper Industries, 10(2):223-235. (In Persian)
[20] Fadavi, F., Abdolkhani, A., Hamzeh, Y., Hettegger, H. and Rosenau, T., 2016. A novel method for cellulose modification in aqueous media via alkoxysilane chemistry. Iranian Journal of Wood and Paper Industries, 7(3):463-475. (In Persian)
[21] Shayestehkia, M., khademieslam, H., bazyar, B., Rangavar H. and Taghiyari, H R., 2020. Effects of Cellulose Nanocrystals as Extender physical and Mechanical properties of wood cement Composite Panels. Nanocomposites, BioResources, 15(4), 8291-8302.
[22] Golbabaei, F., Hosseinkhani, H., Hajihassani, R. and Rashnv, A., 2013. Investigation on properties of wood-cement panels based on Agricultural residues. Iranian Journal of Wood and Paper Science Research, 28(3):582-596. (In Persian)
[23] Pehanich, J.L., Blankenhorn, P.R. and Silsbee, M.R., 2004. Wood fiber surface treatment level effects on selected mechanical properties of wood fiber-cement composites. Cement and Concrete Research, 34:59-65.
[24] Hafezi, S.M, Enayati, A., Doosthosseiny, K., Tarmian, A. and Mirshokraee, S.A., 2014. Effect of silane coupling agent on bond improvement of urea formaldehyde resin in wheat straw particleboard. Iranian Journal of Wood and Paper Science Research, 29(2):183-189. (In Persian)
[25] Tonoli, G.H.D., Belgacem, M.N., Siqueira, G., Bras, J., Savastanojr, H. and Rocco Lahr, F.A., 2013. Processing and dimensional changes of cement based composites reinforced with surface-treated cellulose fibers. Cement, 37:68-75.
Iranian Journal of Wood and Paper Industries
Volume 13, Issue 4
March 2023
Pages 419-431

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics