The Effect of Chemical Modification with Phenol Formaldehyde and Compression on Mechanical Properties of Paulownia (P.fortunie) Wood

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

Abstract

Shortages of raw wood materials and increasing demand for this raw material, has created challenges for wood working industries. These situation makes wood industries to use wood of fast growing species, such as Paulownia. Expanding plantations of paulownia is a feasible solution, but this species owns a low specific gravity and mechanical properties as well. In this research effects of compreg– impregnated (by phenol for maldehyde resin) treatment on improving mechanical properties of paulownia was studied. Test materials were compressed in tangential and radial directions by 3, 30, 40 and 50 percent at 170 ˚c temperature for 12 minute. Specimens were cut from treated test materials and tested according to Iso-3133 & 3787. Result have shown that resin treatment improves all mechanical properties except toughness. Control specomens had higher toughness as compared with treated ones. MOE and MOR did increase, and turned to be highest specomens compressed 50 % in redial direction.

Keywords

References

1- Blomberg, J., presson, B., and blomberg, B. 2005. Effect of semi-isostatic densification of wood on the variation in strength properties with density. J. Wood science and technology.39:339-350.
2- Bodig, J., and Jayne, BA. 1982. Mechanics of  Wood and Wood Composites. Van Nostrand Reynold Compony, New York. ISBN o44200822 8.
3- Dwainto, w., Inoue, M., and Norimoto,M, 1997. Fixation of deformation of wood by heat treatment. J. Makuzai Gakkaishi. 43(4):303-309.
4- Fukuta, S., Takasu, Y., Sasaki., and Hirashima., Y. 2007. Compressive Deformation Process of Japanese Cedar (Cryptomeria Japonica). J. wood and fiber science. 39(4): 548-555.
5- Gabrielli, C.P., Kamke, F.A. 2009. Phenol-formaldehyde impregnation of densified wood for improved dimensional stability. J. wood science and technology. DIO 10.1007/s00226-009-0253-6.
6- Heger, F., Giroux , M., Welzbacher, C., Rapp, A.O., and Navi, P. 2004. Mechanical and durability performance of THM-densified wood. Final workshop cost action “environmental optimization of wood protection”. Lisbon- Portugal, 22nd-23nd march 2004.
7- Ito, Y., Tanahashi, M., Shigematesu, M., and shinoda, Y. 1998a:Compressive-molding of wood by high-pressure steam-treatment: Development of compressive molded squares from thinnings. J. Holzforcchung. 52(2):211-216.
8- Jennings, J.D. 2003. Investigation the surface energy and bond performance of compression densified wood, Msc thesis, Virginia polymeric institude and state university:147.
9- kamke, F.A .2006. Densified Radiata Pine for structural composites. Mederas, Ciencia Y Technologia.8(2):83-92.
10- Kollman, F.P., kuenzi, E.W., and Stamm, A.J. 1975. Principle of wood science and Technology, vol 2. Wood based materials, 1st Edition, Springer-verlag Newyork, Heidelerg, Berlin: 703.
11- Navi, P., and Girardet, F. 2000. Effects of thermo- hydro-mechanical treatment on the structure and properties of wood. J. Holzforcchung.54(3):287-293.
12- Omidvar,A. 2009. wood-polymer composites. publication of agricultural and natural resources of Gorgan university. 120 pages (in persian).
13- Rodrigues, W., Spinosa, M.M., and Polito, W.L. 2005. Comparison of the compressive strength of impregnated and nonimpregnated Eucalyptus subjected to two different pressures and impregnation times. J. material research.7(2).
14- Rowell, R.M., and Konkol, P. 1987. Treatment that enhance physical properties of wood.Gen.Tech.Rep.FPL-GTR-55. Madison, WI: us. Development of agriculture, Forest service, Forest products laboratory.12 pages.
15- Shams, M.D., and Yano, H. 2009. A new method for obtaining high strength PF resin impregnated wood composites at low pressing pressure. J. tropical forest science. 21(2):175-180.
16- Shams, M.D., Kagemori, N., Yano, H. 2006. Compressive deformation of wood impregnation with low molecular weight phenol-formaldehyde (PF) VI: Species dependency. J. wood science. 52:179-183.
17- Wood- determination of ultimate in static bending. Ref. No. Iso 3133- 1975-(E). First Edition-1975-11-01
18- Wood- Test method- Determination of ultimate Stress in Compression Parallel to Grain. Ref. No. Iso 3787- 1976- (E). First Edition-1975-09-30
19- Wood- Test method- Determination of ultimate impact strength. Ref. No. EB 23-94B- 1980.

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics