The Effect of Storage Time of Hornbeam Billet Wood on its Physical and Mechanical Properties in the Forest (Case Study of Gorgan Shastkalateh Forest)

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Phd student, Faculty of forest science, Gorgan university of agricultural sciences and natural resources, Gorgan, Iran

2 Associate prof., Faculty of forest science, Gorgan university of agricultural sciences and natural resources, Gorgan, Iran

3 Assistant prof., Faculty of forest science, Gorgan university of agricultural sciences and natural resources, Gorgan, Iran

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to measure the amount of quality decrease the Hornbeam (Carpinus betulus) wood after three period four months (12 months) of storage in the forest and compare it with the beginning of the period and identify the destroyer fungi that appeared. This research was carried out in Shastkolah in Gorgan. 15 Billets with 30 cm diameter class and length of 220 cm were cut from a Hornbeam tree and all were healthy and stored inside the forest under the same conditions and in contact with soil. The billets were cut at 50 cm intervals at each stage for physical and mechanical experiments were measured based on conventional methods and related standards. the white decay fungi Sterium hirsutum (Willd.),Trametes gibbosa Fr.,Trichaptum biformis Fr. identified on the billets. According to the results, with increasing storage time in the forest, all physical and mechanical properties, except water absorption, decreased. The maximum and minimum changes in physical properties were related to the percentage of water absorption and basic density respectively, also the maximum and minimum changes in mechanical properties related to impact resistance and modulus of elasticity respectively

Keywords

Main Subjects


[1] Mohammadi, M., Vatan-e Khah, Gh. and Enayati, A., 2009. Morphology of damages and type of fungal damage to wood work. Two Quarterly Journal of Restoration of Cultural Heritage, 5 (3): 81-76. (In Persian).
[2] Sarikhani, N., 1991. Forest Utilaization. Tehran Univ. Press, 776 p. (In Persian).
[3] Mahdavi, S. and Habibi, M.R., 2004. Comparative study of trunk lumber fiber dimensions with Carpinus betulus L. Journal of Iranian Wood and Paper Sciences, 19(2): 243-258. (In Persian).
[4] Ebrahimi, GH.and Khorsandalam, M., 2013. Exploitation of Iran's Commercial Forests and waste production and its executive mechanism. The Congress of University, Government, Industry. Nov.30, Karaj Azad University, p 2-18. (In Persian).
[5] Arastou, S., 1995. fundementals of practical economics in forest management. Tehran University Publications, 341 p. (In Persian).
[6] Parsapajouh, D., 1994. Wood technology. Tehran University Publications, 404 p. (In Persian).
[7] Jorbandian, A. and Masteri Farahani, M.R., 2012. Introduce of some effective extractives compounds in natural durability of wood. Gorgan, Journal of Conservation and Utilization of  Natural Resources. 1(2):105-109. (In Persian).
[8] Malekani, M., Khademeslam,H.o., Hosseinihashemi, S.KH. and Zeinaly, F., 2014. Influence of Fungal Decay On Chemi-mechanical properties Of Beech wood (Fagus Orientalis). Journal of Cellulose Chemistry and Technology, 48(2): 97-103.
[9] Rostamian, M., Kavosi, M.R., Shataee, Sh. and Mohammad Alipour Malekshah, A.A., 2013.  Relationship of trees decaying white wood fungi and some of habitat factors in the Shastkolateh forest of Gorgan. Journal of Wood & Forest Science and Technology, 20 (3): 167-181(In Persian).
[10] Planning of forest management District one ShastKolateh Forest, 2007. 517 pp. (In Persian)
[11] Fries, E.M., 1849. Summa vegetabilium Scandinaviae, 2:259-572.
[12] Mousazadeh, S.A., 2009. Ecosystematic Study of Polyporales fungi in Mazandaran Forests-Neka. M.Sc. Thesis, Azad University of Gorgan. 217 p. (In Persian).
[13] Younesabady, L., Kavoosi, M.R., 1391. Identification of Braket fungi in the series of one Shastkelate educational and research forest. Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, 98 p.
[14] Standard methods for testing small clear specimens of timber. Annual Book of ASTM Standard, D 143-94, 2000.
[15] Wood - Determination of density for physical and mechanical tests, ISO 3131, 1975.
[16] Skarvelis, M., I.and Mantanis, G.I., 2003. Physical and Mechanical properties of beech wood harvested in the Greek public forest. Wood Research, 58 (1).
[17] Bendtsen, B.A. and Ethington, R.L., 1975. Mechanical properties of 23 species of eastern hardwoods. Res. Note FPL–RN–0230. Madison, WI: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory.12 p.
[18] Khazaeian, A., Yaghmaei, F. and Tabarsa, T., 2009. Investigation on Bending and Compression Strength of Paulownia fortunie Wood Grown in Gorgan Region. Journal of Wood & Forest Science and Technology, 16(3):1-22 (In Persian).
[19] Ebrahimi, GH., Rostempour, A., Taheri, F. and Karimi,A.N., 2015. Wood: Structure and Properties. Tehran Univ. Press, 488 p. (Translated In Persian).
[20] Bozorgi, C.and Sheikholeslami, A., 2016. Investigation Of Shrinkage Coefficient in Mixed Beech Forest in Hajikola Tirunkeli - Sari. Journal of Renewable Natural Resources Research, 7(1): 1-10 (In Persian).
[21] Kaboorani, A., Blanchet, P. and Laghdir, A., 2013. A rapid method to assess viscoelastic and mechanosorptive creep in wood. Wood and fiber science, 45(4):370-382
[22] Ishimaru, Y., Oshima, K. and Iida, I., 2001. Changes in the mechanical properties of wood during a period of moisture conditioning. Journal of Wood Science, 47(4):254-261.
[23] Moosavi,V., KhademiEslam, H., Bazyar, Najafi, A.and Talaeepoor, M., 2016. The effect of altiude on bending creep behaviour of hornbeam.  Iranian Journal of Wood and Paper Industries, 7(3):387-399.
[24] Ebrahimi, GH., 2012. Mechanics of Wood and wood Composites.Tehran University Publications, 646 p.(In Persian).