بورات ها و کاربرد آنها در حفاظت چندسازه‌های چوبی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه علوم و صنایع چوب و کاغذ، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

2 استاد گروه علوم و صنایع چوب و کاغذ، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

چکیده

چوب و هر چیز ساخته شده از آن در شرایط نامناسب بر اثر عوامل مخرب زنده و غیرزنده تخریب می‌‌شود. تاکنون روش‌ها‌ و مواد مختلفی برای بهبود معایب چوب و چندسازه‌های چوبی توسعه یافته‌اند. اما امروزه به دلیل نگرانی‌های عمومی در مورد اثرات سوء مواد حفاظتی قدیمی محققین به دنبال مواد دوست‌دار محیط زیست و ایمن هستند. بورات‌‌‌ها به دلیل سمیت حاد کم نامزد مناسبی برای نسل جدید مواد حفاظتی می‌باشند. بورات‌ها دامنه اثرگذاری وسیعی دارند، نه‌ تنها قارچ کش و حشره‌کش موثری هستند بلکه به عنوان یک کندسوز کننده نیز عمل می‌کنند. بورات‌ها به آسانی در آب حل شده و قابلیت انتشار تا عمق چوب را دارند. همین مزیت بورات‌ها بزرگترین عیب آنها نیز برشمرده می‌شود. فرمولاسیون‌های بر پایه بورات به آسانی آبشویی شده و برای مصارف بیرونی مناسب نیستند. امروزه علی‌رغم مشکل آبشویی، از بورات‌ها به دلیل سمیت بسیار کم به طور وسیعی برای حفاظت چوب و به ویژه چندسازه‌های چوبی در برابر عوامل مخرب زنده و غیر زنده مانند آتش استفاده می‌شود. در این گزارش سعی شده است جدیدترین تحقیقات انجام شده بر روی امکان استفاده از بورات‌ها در صنعت چندسازه‌های چوبی مورد بازبینی قرار گیرد. ترکیبات مختلف بورات قابلیت زیادی برای حفاظت چندسازه‌های چوبی دارند و در حال حاضر به صورت تجاری از آنها استفاده می‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


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