The Beatability of Wheat Straw Soda and Monoethanolamine Pulps
mohammad
ahmadi
Assistant Professor, Wood and paper science and technology, College of Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili Iran
author
sahab
hejazi
Associate Professor, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran
author
boodo
saake
Professor, Wood Chemistry and Chemical Technology of Wood Division, University of Hamburg
author
otar
Kordsachia
Professor, Institute for Wood and Paper Research, Johan Heinrich von Thuenen Center (vTI),Hamburg
author
hosein
Yousefi
Assistance Professor, Faculty of Wood and Paper Engineering, Gorgan University of Agriculture and Natural Resources
author
text
article
2016
per
In this study the beatability of soda and monoethanolamine pulps was compared. The refining of pulps was done in pilot scale Voith refiner Model LR 40. The results show that the maximum tensile and burst indices of monothanolamine pulp are reached with consumption of 70 kWh energy in pilot scale Voith refiner and the increasing of energy more than this level has the adverse effect on these indices. In the case of soda pulp increasing the energy up to 500 kWh has the linear relationship with tensile and burst indices. In comparison to monoethanolamine pulp, the refining of soda pulp is more difficult and needs more energy. Using monoethanolamine pulp resulted in saving of energy by 70-80 % to reach the optimum strength indices.
Iranian Journal of Wood and Paper Industries
Iranian Scientific Association of Wood and Paper Industries
2008-9066
7
v.
2
no.
2016
155
166
https://www.ijwp.ir/article_12917_2a149f4b8e338ce865c37d28fe54383b.pdf
Investigation on the effect of mixed rapeseed stalk residues with wood particles, and mixing of melamine and urea formaldehyde resin on properties of manufactured particleboard
Behzad
Kord
Assistant Professor, Department of Paper and Packaging Technology, Faculty of Chemistry and Petrochemical Engineering, Standard Research Institute (SRI)
author
hosein
zare
MSc, Department of Wood Science and Technology, Chalous Branch, Islamic Azad University, Iran
author
abdollah
Hosseinzadeh
Assistant Professor, Department of Wood Science and Technology, Chalous Branch, Islamic Azad University, Iran
author
text
article
2016
per
In this study, the possibility of using the rapeseed stalk mixed with industrial wood particles for manufacturing particleboard with target density of 0.7 gr/cm3 was considered. Variable factors such as mixing ratios of rapeseed stalk with industrial wood particles at five mixing levels of (0-100, 25-75, 50-50, 75-25 and 100-0 percent), mixing ratios of melamine resin with urea formaldehyde at three levels of 0-100, 15-85 and 30-70 percent, and kind of board at two levels of homogenate and layer were considered. 10 percent resin based on oven dried weight of particles, 2 percent catalyzer based on oven dried weight of resin, press temperature and time with 170 OC and 7 minute, press pressure and rate with 30 Kg/cm3 and 4.5 mm/min were fixed. Then, the boards were manufactured and the physical and mechanical properties including modulus of rupture, modulus of elasticity, internal bonding, water absorption and thickness swelling were measured according to EN standard. Results indicated that the modulus of rupture, modulus of elasticity, water absorption and thickness swelling of boards increased with increase rapeseed stalk loading; however, the internal bonding decreased. Also, the use of melamine urea formaldehyde resin caused to improve the mechanical strength and dimensional stability in the samples.
Iranian Journal of Wood and Paper Industries
Iranian Scientific Association of Wood and Paper Industries
2008-9066
7
v.
2
no.
2016
167
178
https://www.ijwp.ir/article_12941_2bcc8dc93d7a3d8e292a67dc35479762.pdf
Influence of type and content of chemical foaming agent on the dynamic mechanical properties of high density polyethylene-flax fiber composites
Behzad
Kord
Assistant Professor, Department of Paper and Packaging Technology, Faculty of Chemistry and Petrochemical Engineering, Standard Research Institute (SRI)
author
behrouz
kord
Young Researchers and Elite Club, Malayer Branch, Islamic Azad University, Malayer, Iran
author
text
article
2016
per
This study aims to evaluate the influence of type and content of chemical foaming agent on the dynamic mechanical properties of high density polyethylene-flax fiber composites. Composites were prepared via melt mixing in an internal mixer, and then foamed using single-stage batch foaming method. Two type of chemical foaming agents including azodicarbonamide (ADC) and sodium bicarbonate (SB) were considered at three levels of 0, 2 and 4 per hundred resins (phr). The amount of flax fiber and coupling agent for all formulations was fixed at 60% and 2 phr, respectively. Static mechanical tests including flexural and tensile were performed on samples. The dynamic mechanical properties such as storage modulus, loss modulus and damping factor of composites were investigated in the temperature range of -60 to 150 0C at a step of 5 0C and frequency of 1 Hz. Morphology of the samples was also evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results indicate that the chemical foaming agent substantially increased cell size and reduced cell density and mechanical strength of composites. Moreover, the lowest mechanical strength was observed in foamed composites with SB. SEM confirmed that the type and content of chemical foaming agent had significant influence on density reduction of foamed composites. Finally, by increase in the chemical foaming agent content, the storage modulus and loss modulus of samples decreased. However, on addition of chemical foaming agent to composites, the damping factor was increased. Foamed composites prepared with ADC exhibited inferior storage modulus compared than the SB.
Iranian Journal of Wood and Paper Industries
Iranian Scientific Association of Wood and Paper Industries
2008-9066
7
v.
2
no.
2016
179
191
https://www.ijwp.ir/article_14256_c725982a106922892fb03097bea0140a.pdf
The effect of Nano clay and coupling agent on the physical and mechanical properties of polypropylene waste paper composites
Mohadeseh
Keramati
M.Sc. Student, Department of Wood and Paper Science and Technology, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Zabol
author
Babak
Nosrati Sheshkal
Assistant Professor, Department of Wood and Paper Science and Technology, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Zabol
author
Rahim
Mohebbi Gargari
Lecturer, Department of Wood and Paper Science and Technology, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Zabol
author
Majid
Abdouss
Professor, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Amirkabir University
author
text
article
2016
per
In this study, the effect of nanoclay particles and coupling agent on the physical and mechanical properties of polypropylene / waste paper composites was studied. To meet this objectives, waste paper fibers with polypropylene in 50% by weight, nanoclay (0, 2 and 4%) and coupling agent (0 and 3%) were compounded in an internal mixer at 155°C and 60rmp and the samples were prepared by injection molding. The results showed that the physical and mechanical strength of composite improved in the presence of coupling agent. As well as water absorption, thickness swelling, flexural and tensile strength and flexural and tensile modulus, were improved by increasing of nanoclay particles content, however notched impact strength was reduced. Also, study on structural behavior of composite with x-ray diffraction showed that nanoclay distributed as intercalation structure in polymer matrix, and distance between layers were increased with increasing of nanoclay particles content.
Iranian Journal of Wood and Paper Industries
Iranian Scientific Association of Wood and Paper Industries
2008-9066
7
v.
2
no.
2016
193
206
https://www.ijwp.ir/article_14965_53567f5d9770451a5f2545a319fc3bc0.pdf
Investigation Some of Physical and Mechanical Properties of Polypropylene Fiber/ Wood /Cement Composites
hamed
Younesi-Kordkheili
Assistant Professor, Department of Wood and Paper Science and Technology, Faculty of Natural Resources, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran
author
reza
naghdi
Assistant Professor, Department of Wood and Paper Science and Technology, Faculty of Natural Resources, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran
author
abbas
Honarbakhsh Raouf
Professor, Department of Materials Engineering, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran
author
text
article
2016
per
In this study, some of the physical and mechanical properties of polypropylene fiber/ wood fiber/ cement composites were investigated. For this aim, three levels of polypropylene fiber, namely 2 wt.%, 3 wt.% and 4 wt.% were mixed with 15 wt.% of wood fiber mixed with cement in a rotary type mixer. The samples were formed by cold press method. Then water absorption, thickness swelling, flexural modulus, flexural strength, and impact strength of the manufactured composites were evaluated according to ASTM standard methods. The results showed that polypropylene fiber exhibited a positive effect on physical and mechanical properties of the wood- cement composites. The physical test results indicated that the hybrid composites containing 4% PP fiber/11% wood fiber exhibited the lowest water absorption and thickness swelling values. The mechanical test results also indicated that greater flexural strength and impact strength can be achieved by addition of 4% polypropylene fiber to wood- cement composites. Also the three point bending test results showed that addition of PP fiber from 2 to 4% decreased flexural modulus of the wood- cement composites, continuously.
Iranian Journal of Wood and Paper Industries
Iranian Scientific Association of Wood and Paper Industries
2008-9066
7
v.
2
no.
2016
207
217
https://www.ijwp.ir/article_14995_7097ab8925229c2ce904df3d81e95b03.pdf
Influence of Furfurylation on Practical Properties of Beech Plywood
Aisona
Talaei
Assistant Professor, Department of Wood science & Technology, Civil Engineering Faculty, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, Tehran, Iran
author
mohammad
Tavakoliyan
MSc Student Department of Wood science & Technology, Civil Engineering Faculty, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, Tehran, Iran
author
text
article
2016
per
In this study, the influence of Furfurylation on practical properties of beech plywood investigated. Furfurylation of beech layers were performed by impregnation and heat catalyze up to 30% and 70% weight percent gain. Plywood specimens made by 2 resins (Urea Formaldehyde and Methylene Diphenyl Diisocyanate). Practical properties of furfurylated specimens investigated and compared to untreated specimens. Modulus of rupture (MOR), modulus of elasticity (MOE), shear strength, water absorption and thickness swelling were determined. Results revealed that by increasing the furfurylation level, modulus of elasticity (MOE), water absorption and thickness swelling (dimensional stability) improved. But modulus of rupture (MOR) just increased up to 30% furfurylation and decreased in higher levels of furfurylation. Furfurylation had a negative effect on shear strength of bond line and decreased by increasing the furfurylation level.
Iranian Journal of Wood and Paper Industries
Iranian Scientific Association of Wood and Paper Industries
2008-9066
7
v.
2
no.
2016
219
230
https://www.ijwp.ir/article_15029_9dd550ab336d01721805de8b07318b06.pdf
Investigation on physical behavior of styrene wood-polymer in different concentrations of monomer
maryam
ghorbani
Associate Professor, Faculty of Natural Resources, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, I.R. Iran. (*Corresponding Author)
author
rojin
kaki
M. Sc. graduated, Department of Wood and paper, Faculty of Natural Resources, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, I.R. Iran
author
text
article
2016
per
This research was conducted to study the effect of different concentrations of styrene lumen monomer on the physical properties of beech wood. Physical test samples were prepared according to ASTM-D1037 standard and treated with vacuum-pressure method at five concentration levels; 0, 40, 60, 80 and 100 percent of soluble monomer. For polymerization, treated samples were heated in oven for two 24-hour period at 90 and 103ºC respectively. Monomer and polymer absorption, density variation, water absorption, swelling and anti-swelling efficiency (ASE) were determined. According to the results, Monomer and polymer absorption were increment by monomer concentration increase, and they were reported 38.2% and 26% in highest level. With polymer absorption enhancement, density of wood increased from 0/63g/cm³ in control to 0/91g/cm³ in the highest monomer concentration level that reduces pores in wood-polymer structure. Absorbed polymer enhancement decreased hydrophilicity and dimensional changes of treated samples, so that water absorption and swelling volume of the samples saturated with 100% concentration of monomer were decreased 64% and 45.3% after the longest immersion time. Highest Anti-swelling efficiency of Styrene-saturated samples was determined 56.15% in the maximum concentration level of treatment.
Iranian Journal of Wood and Paper Industries
Iranian Scientific Association of Wood and Paper Industries
2008-9066
7
v.
2
no.
2016
231
239
https://www.ijwp.ir/article_15059_3b637a35bb04745e8bb4467fbe97c110.pdf
Long-term water absorption and thickness swelling and determine their characteristics in wood flour/polypropylene/Nano SiO2 nanocomposite
Saeed
Ismaeilimoghadam
M.Sc degree of wood composite products, Zabol University and member of Young Researchers and Elite Club, Chalous Branch, Islamic Azad University, Chalous
author
abdollah
najafi
Department of wood and paper science and technology; Islamic Azad University, chalous branch. Iran
author
afsaneh
shahraki
Young Researchers and Elite Club, Chalous Branch, Islamic Azad University, Chalous, Iran
author
behrooz
Malekian
Young Researchers and Elite Club, Chalous Branch, Islamic Azad University, Chalous, Iran
author
text
article
2016
per
The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of nano SiO2 on long-term water absorption and thickness swelling, humidity coefficient diffusion and thickness swelling rate of wood plastic composite. For this purpose, 60% wood flour, 40% polypropylene, 2 per hundred compound (phc) MAPP in internal mixer (HAAKE) were mixed. Nano SiO2 with 0, 1, 3 and 5 (phc) ratios as a reinforcing was used too. Finally test samples were fabricated by using the injection molding machine. Then long-term water absorption and thickness swelling for 1848 hours according to the ASTM standard on the samples were measured. Humidity coefficient diffusion and thickness swelling rate for closer look long-term water absorption and thickness swelling behavior in wood plastic nanocomposite were calculated too. For ensure to the formation of hydrogen bonds between hydroxyl grope of SiO2 nanoparticles with hydroxyl grope of wood flour form Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy tests was used. The results showed that water absorption behavior of nanocomposite is according to Fick's law, in addition with increasing to SiO2 nanoparticles, long-term water absorption and thickness swelling and humidity coefficient diffusion in wood plastic nanocomposite decreased. The results of infrared spectroscopy showed that hydrogen bond between the nano SiO2 and wood flour confirmed. Statistical analysis showed that after 1848 hours of immersion, nano SiO2 showed a significant effect at a confidence level of 99% on water absorption and thickness swelling, so the sample with 5% silica nanoparticles was chosen as the best treatment.
Iranian Journal of Wood and Paper Industries
Iranian Scientific Association of Wood and Paper Industries
2008-9066
7
v.
2
no.
2016
241
254
https://www.ijwp.ir/article_15675_25a0b3389eddcc28a41982bc045f20a2.pdf
The influence of treatment and shelling ratio on the mechanical properties of particleboard manufactured from Canola (Brassica napus) stalk particles
morteza
nazeriyan
Associate professor, Department of Cellulose and Paper Technology, Faculty of New Technologies and Energy Engineering, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran, Associate professor, Department of Wood and Paper Science and Technology, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran
author
sajad
akbari
MSc. Department of Wood and Paper Science and Technology, University of Zabol
author
said reza
Farrokhpayam
Assistant Professor, Department of Wood and Paper Science and Technology, University of Zabol
author
babak
Nosrati Sheshkal
Assistant Professor, Department of Wood and Paper Science and Technology, University of Zabol
author
text
article
2016
per
In this study, the effect of particle size used in surface layers and shelling ratio on the mechanical properties of there-layered particleboard manufactured from treated canola (Brassica napus) particle was investigated. The shelling ratio at three levels (2.82:16mm, 5.33:16mm and 8.6:16mm), particle size used on surface layers at two levels (>1.25 and 1.25 mm in surface layers of panels caused an increase in MOR, MOE, IB. Besides, it was determined that increment in particle size on surface layers and using water – leached treatment improved the mechanical properties of panels. According to the results, with the usage of canola stalks particles treated with hot-water used in core layer, applying particles with the dimension of >1.25mm on surface layers of three-layered panels with shelling ratio of 2.82:16mm and 5.33:16mm, it can be obtained the desirable MOR and MOE.
Iranian Journal of Wood and Paper Industries
Iranian Scientific Association of Wood and Paper Industries
2008-9066
7
v.
2
no.
2016
255
270
https://www.ijwp.ir/article_15732_eaf7d6e1f69b305dd8cfd14a05688560.pdf
Study of physical and mechanical properties of produced strawboard using bio epoxy tannins resin
shayesteh
jahanshahi
Ph.D, Dept. of Wood and Paper Science & Technology, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran
author
Ali
Abdulkhani
Associate Professor, Dept. of Wood and Paper Science & Technology, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran
author
Kazem
Doosthoseini
Professor, Dept. of Wood and Paper Science & Technology, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran
author
Alireza
Shakeri
Associate Professor, Dept. of chemistry, College of science, University of Tehran
author
text
article
2016
per
Bio-epoxy tannin resin was made from tannin reaction with epichlorohydrin in an alkaline environment, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy of epoxy groups of glycidyl reaction of the tannins confirmed, and the epoxy number was 7.2 epoxy resin final. Straw boards with Bio-epoxy tannin resin, using two variable temperature (180 and 200 °C) and variable times (7.5 and 10 minutes) were made. Physical and mechanical resistances such as water absorption and thickness swelling (after 2 and 24 hours soaking appears in water), internal bond, modulus and flexural modulus measured and the boards were compared with the standard EN312-4. The results showed that straw boards made with 200 °C and 10 minutes of press time, had the highest level of physical and mechanical properties. All boards produced in this research work, mechanical properties for public use, in accordance with the standards of Europe to have. That has functional properties comparable to petroleum-based synthetic adhesives are made of particleboard.
Iranian Journal of Wood and Paper Industries
Iranian Scientific Association of Wood and Paper Industries
2008-9066
7
v.
2
no.
2016
271
282
https://www.ijwp.ir/article_16811_0f0e9fa4864845e5953e790da02edaac.pdf
Thermal and colorimetry properties of bleached wheat straw/LDPE biocomposites
Behjat
Tajeddin
Asistant Professor., Agricultural Engineering Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extention Organization, Karaj, Iran
author
Hadi
Ansari
Msc. Student, Food Science Engineering Department, University of Tehran, Karaj
author
text
article
2016
per
This research was done to study the thermal and colorimetric properties of bleached wheat straw/polyethylene biocomposites. Thus, wheat straw was firstly bleached using different natural and/or chemical bleaching methods. The bleached wheat straw and the pure polyethylene were then mixed in ratio of 40 to 60 by twin screw extrouder at 145OC. Maleic anhydride polyethylene was also applied in %10 of polyethylene weight. Thermal and colorimetric properties of treatments were evaluated and compared to control sample (pure polyethylene). The results showed that the unbleached wheat straw composite had the lowest lightness value. Biocomposites containing bleached wheat straw pulp with xylanase and hydrogen peroxide 1% had the most lightness value after pure polyethylene. The results of the thermal behavior of the composites from DSC curves showed that the melting temperature of bleached wheat straw pulp with xylanase and hydrogen peroxide1% composite was higher than pure polyethylene and the others. The maximum and the minimum decomposition temperature of the composites belonged to the unbleached wheat straw (424.76°C) and the bleached wheat straw pulp (354.23°C), respectively.
Iranian Journal of Wood and Paper Industries
Iranian Scientific Association of Wood and Paper Industries
2008-9066
7
v.
2
no.
2016
283
295
https://www.ijwp.ir/article_19225_c1478dae87907e9125e6c65008f06a86.pdf
Performance of Nano Fibrillated Cellulose (NFC) and Chitosan Bio-polymeric System on Recycled Pulp and Paper Properties of Old Corrugated Containers (OCC)
hosrin
Pourkarim Dodangeh1
M.Sc. student, Cellulose and Paper Technology Dept., Shahid Beheshti University, Iran.
author
hosein
Jalali Torshizi2
Assist. Prof., Cellulose and Paper Technology Dept., Shahid Beheshti University, Iran
author
hamidreza
Rudi
Assist. Prof., Cellulose and Paper Technology Dept., Shahid Beheshti University, Iran
author
omid
ramezani
Assist. Prof., Cellulose and Paper Technology Dept., Shahid Beheshti University, Iran
author
text
article
2016
per
Application of dry strength additives is regarded as a sustainable strategy toward improvement of recycle paper properties, and Bio-based materials utilization enhanced in this aspect extensively, respecting to different technological and environmental issues. In order to improving products properties, Cellulose and Chitosan as the most abundant biopolymers with unique characteristics, have been focused under ever increasing researches as natural and processed forms. Effects of the biopolymers, chitosan and nano fibrillated cellulose (NFC), individually and combined together on recycled pulp and paper properties showed that density and strength indices of paper (tensile, burst and tear), pulp drainage and retention during sheet formation improved with reduction in the material loss compared to the blank. Chitosan addition caused significant enhancement on all of the strengths, density and pulp retention and also reduction in material loss. Dewatering of the pulp suspension (CSF) was significantly improved by chitosan presence, with decline resulted from the higher addition level. The resulted developments were attributed to polymeric character, structural similarity and high bonding ability of chitosan with cellulosic fibers. Individually addition of NFC produced boost in the pulp retention, paper density, tensile and burst indices and fall in pulp freeness, material loss and tear index. Anionic nature, high specific surface area and hydrogen bonding ability of NFC were ascribed to these. Application of NFC just after chitosan as a complex mechanism in papermaking wet end not only had no increment in density and strength indices of recycled paper (except NFC 0.15%), reduced strengths in some cases. In the complex, the pulp properties were fluctuated compared to chitosan treatment, but were prior compared to nano fibrillated cellulose.
Iranian Journal of Wood and Paper Industries
Iranian Scientific Association of Wood and Paper Industries
2008-9066
7
v.
2
no.
2016
297
309
https://www.ijwp.ir/article_19238_af440bff9609be03997ad29659783d04.pdf
cover page
text
article
2016
per
Iranian Journal of Wood and Paper Industries
Iranian Scientific Association of Wood and Paper Industries
2008-9066
7
v.
2
no.
2016
https://www.ijwp.ir/article_22194_5f21151c7ce46e1cf42edba99b26908c.pdf
Abstract
text
article
2016
per
Iranian Journal of Wood and Paper Industries
Iranian Scientific Association of Wood and Paper Industries
2008-9066
7
v.
2
no.
2016
310
321
https://www.ijwp.ir/article_22195_0aede47c39df2484c78c631f63e1a283.pdf